Oh man, I might be willing to have a desk covered in debris for a few days at home. But that sucks that you will have to clean it up! Shouldn't they be cleaning it up?
I'm glad your boss sent you to work from home, hopefully they will clean your desk so that you don't have to be touching all that :-P Definitely inconsiderate of the workers to make such a mess!
Your boss seems awesome. Selfishly for you - I hope your immediate supervisor does clean your desk. You don't need any extra worries right now - especially those brought on by sloppy construction workers!